aquilaria nursery..

We also provided small trees for people who want to plant Aquilaria.

Here are a few photos of the nursery and the grown up trees.

Aquilaria seedling ready to be transfer to polybags.

Workers preparing polybags for the seedlings.

Nursery site.

Workers at the nursery.

Growing up Aquilaria trees at the nursery.

Growing up aquilaria trees

Here you can see a growing up Aquilaria trees.

Aquilaria Trees in polybags.

Aquilaria trees can also be planted between rubber trees.

If you are interested to plant your own Aquilaria tree then feel free to contact us at : info@putihstar.com or can call us at +603 6188 0802

agarwood

Agarwood, aloeswood, eaglewood, jinkoh, gaharu are names for the world’s most valuable incense. This resinous material is produced by tropical rainforest trees and has been used for centuries as incense and in traditional medicine. In the past, old growth Aquilaria and Gyrinops trees were indiscriminately cut to find the resin (usually hidden within the center of only a few old trees). Today in many countries of Southeast Asia where the tree was once native, it has become very rare due to increased harvesting. The resinous wood or oil extracted from the inside of some trees is extremely valuable since it is highly regarded for use during Buddhist and Islamic cultural activities as well as an important ingredient in many traditional medicines. It is also an extremely important component in traditional Japanese incense ceremonies. Although most people in the United States and Europe are not familiar with this aromatic resinous wood, its use as incense (called aloeswood) is mentioned several times in the bible. People in the United States, Europe and other countries that have had the opportunity to smell the fragrance of this extraordinary incense find it very appealing and pleasant.

Aquilaria trees are now protected in most countries and the collection of agarwood is illegal from natural forests. International agreements, such as CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), accepted by 169 countries, is designed to ensure trade in agarwood products from wild trees does not threaten the survival of Aquilaria. Despite these efforts agarwood products from illegally cut trees continues to be sold and unknowing consumers create a demand that helps to destroy the last old growth Aquilaria trees in existence.

What triggers agarwood to form in some old growth trees has been an unsolved mystery.This technique consists of wounding trees in a specific manner and applying treatments to accelerate the natural defense responses of the tree. The technique allows a sustainable yield of resin to be produced in relatively young trees. Agarwood is a high value forest product that is easy to store and ship.The sustainable production of agarwood in plantation grown trees eliminates the need to cut old growth forest trees for the resin and will help save this endangered tree from possible extinction. This work also provides a source of cultivated agarwood so this magnificent aromatic resin can be enjoyed by people throughout the world.

gaharu

POKOK GAHARU@AGARWOOD

BACKGROUND @ Agarwood Agarwood is a tree in the family Thymelaeceae. Mature trees will grow up to 40 meters in height and 40cm in diameter. Agarwood trees in natural forests began to produce agarwood resin at the age of 20 to 45 years, depending on the resistance of trees and tree injury response. Agarwood trees are very enthused to be able to produce a fragrant and pleasant aroma when burned kayunya.Mengikut data released in the first World Conference on agarwood in Vietnam there are 16 species of the genus Aquilaria is a high commercial value.
FOLLOWING ARE TYPES BY AGRAWOOD Ranking
1. AQUILARIA SUBINTEGRA                           Found at Thailand
2. AQUILARIA CRASSNA                                 Found at Thailand, Cambodia, Loas, Vietnam
3. AQUILARIA MALACCENSIS                       Found at Thailand, India, Indonesia
4. AQUILARIA APICULATA                             Found at Philippines
5. AQUILARIA BAILLONIL                              Found at Thailand, Combodia, Loas, Vietnam
6. AQUILARIA BANEONSIS                            Found at Vietnam
7. AQUILARIA BECCARIAN                            Found at Indonesia
8. AQUILARIA BRACHYANTHA                     Found at Malaysia
9. AQUILARIA CUMINGIANA                         Found at Indonesia, Philippines
10.AQUILARIA FILARIA                                   Found at Nuegini, China
11.AQUILARIA GRANDIFLORA                      Found at China
12.AQUILARIA HILATA                                    Found at Indonesia, Malaysia
13.AQUILARIA KHASIANA                              Found at India
14.AQUILARIA MICROCAPA                           Found at Indonesia, Malaysia
15.AQUILARIA ROSTRATA                              Found at Malaysia
16.AQUILARIA SINENSIS                                 Found at China

Breed	Growth (cm)	Encourage Agrawood Oil			Price
	Average/ 5 Years High from Ground 130cm	Good	Medium	Poor	Good	Medium	Poor
Subintegra	50-70	√			√
Crassna	20-40		√			√
Malaccensis	50-70			√			√
Baillonil	20-30			√			√

Agarwood living in lowland areas to a height of 750 m above sea level and requires rainfall and high humidity. Agarwood is used in the perfume industry, medical products, Ayurvedic medicine, religious ceremonies and so forth. 

The higher the demand for sandalwood production declined even lead to price increases every year. Most of sandalwood were exported to. contractors in Singapore, the Middle East, Hongkong and Taiwan. The price can reach up to RM14-18 thousand per kilogram for Double Super Grade.In fact, the market price for sandalwood oil is also very high at RM45 thousand / kg (method of grading the quality of timber and oil still dipiawaian and depending on the seller and buyer). Southeast Asian agarwood exports valued at RM48.3 million to Saudi Arabia and the supply meets only 20% of the market. Currently, most of the gaharu produced from forest and are very limited. Without replanting. This species will be threatened with extinction due to acquisition activity of aloes. Planting gaharu in Malaysia is still new and not popular, but in other countries such as Indonesia, Thailand and Cambodia have long cultivated. In fact, it gets very strong support from their government agencies in terms of capital and technology. Overall agarwood (stem, leaf & root) is useful and can dikomensilkan. Sandalwood tree planting carried out in accordance wasteland, save forest reserves, areas that have been explored and logging carried out in agricultural fields and forests are integrated with a variety of other crops such as herbs and plant commodities. 








* We will provide service after the trees are planted and will buy back the sandalwood trees that have matured. * With the latest technology could cut down sandalwood trees within 5-6 years, 12 months after injection (inducement) drugs, cut down trees can start to get resinnya * For an acre of land can be planted almost 1000 trees with a distance of 6-7 feet, the estimated revenue for the RM1000.00 per tree and per acre is RM1 million.

The value of Agarwood

Value

The value of first-grade Agarwood is extremely high. A whole range of qualities and products is on the market varying with geographical location and cultural deposition. Prices range from a few dollars per kilo for the lowest quality to over thirty thousand US dollars for top quality oil and resinous wood. Aquilaria crassna is listed as an endangered species in Viet Nam, and A. malaccensis is listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union, IUCN. 

AGARWOOD ALSO KNOWN AS "SINKING WOOD"

According to legend, during the seventh century A.D. a large piece of agar wood washed up on the shores of the island of Awaji. The wood was buried, and over time it developed a beautiful aroma. Prince Shotoku presented this wood to the Emperor, who was so taken by the fragrance that began importing this aromatic wood from China or Korea. To this day, agar wood, known as jinkoh (or "sinking wood") in Japanese, plays an important role in Japanese Ko-doh (literally, "journey of the fragrance") ceremonies. These ceremonies were developed during the Ashikaga era (1350 to 1500 A.D.) as a result of the Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimasa's interest in the classification of all incense-burning substances. As is true with tea ceremonies and Ikebana, the Ko-doh ceremony serves to raise the human spirit to higher levels. For Ko-doh ceremonies, people in Japan usually use agar wood andsandalwood.
Agar wood has a balsamic, ambergris, woody, deep fragrance that is often described as sweet, spicy, bitter and sour. The agar tree belongs to the Thymelacae family and has branches like the outstretched wings of an eagle. The Japanese only use agar wood for incense burning when it has been infected by fungus (Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp.) which creates a resin that produces the fragrant substance. The fragrance of agar wood is deeply relaxing and balancing. Japanese scientists studied its effects in 1993 and determined that it is a strong sedative and extends sleep periods.

History of agarwood

History

The odour of agarwood is complex and pleasing, with few or no similar natural analogues. As a result, agarwood and its essential oil gained great cultural and religious significance in ancient civilizations around the world. In as early as the 3rd century, the chronicle Nan zhou yi wu zhi (Strange things from the South) written by Wa Zhen of the Eastern Wu Dynasty mentioned agarwood produced in the Rinan commandery, now Central Vietnam, and how people collected it in the mountains.

Starting in 1580 after Nguyen Hoang took control over the central provinces of modern Vietnam, he encouraged trade with other countries, specifically China and Japan. Agarwood was exported in three varieties: Calambac (Khi Nam in Vietnamese), Tram Huong (very similar but slightly harder and slightly less rare), and agarwood proper. A pound of Calambac bought in Hoi An for 15 taels could be sold in Nagasaki for 600 taels. The Nguyen Lords soon established a Royal Monopoly over the sale of Calambac. This monopoly helped fund the Nguyen state finances during the early years of the Nguyen rule.[3]

Xuanzang's travelouges and the Harshacharita, written in 7th century A.D. in Northern India mentions use of Agarwood products such as 'Xasipat' (writing-material) and 'aloe-oil' in ancient Assam (Kamarupa). The tradition of making writing-materials from its bark still exist in Assam.

Formation of agarwood

here are fifteen species in of the Aquilaria genus and eight are known to produce agarwood.^[5] In theory agarwood can be produced from all members; however, until recently it was primarily produced from A. malaccensis. A. agallocha and A. secundariaare synonyms for A. malaccensis.^[1] A. crassna and A. sinensis are the other two members of the genus that are usually harvested.

Formation of agarwood occurs in the trunk and roots of trees that have been infected by a parasitc ascomycetous mould,Phaeoacremonium parasitica^[6], a dematiaceous (dark-walled) fungus. As a response, the tree produces a resin high in volatile organic compounds that aids in suppressing or retarding the fungal growth. While the unaffected wood of the tree is relatively light in colour, the resin dramatically increases the mass and density of the affected wood, changing its colour from a pale beige to dark brown or black. In natural forest only about 7% of the trees are infected by the fungus. A common method in artificial forestry is toinoculate all the trees with the fungus.

High quality resin comes from a tree's natural immune response to a fungal attack. It is commonly known as agarwood #1 (first quality). An inferior resin is created using forced methods where aquilaria trees are deliberately wounded, leaving them more susceptible to a fungal attack. This is commonly called agarwood #2.

Uses of agarwood

Agarwood is mainly formed as a resinous substance deep inside some particular kind of trees and is found mainly in south Asian countries. There are many religions and culture which prize agarwood, which is not a wood at all, as perfume oil and incense when they perform religious ceremonies. The excessive harvesting of this species has made the resin rare and now it is included in the list of endangered tree species in some countries.

Agarwood is known by different names and some of the popular ones including eaglewood, heartwood aloes wood and agarwood etc. It is malleable as well as sticky in characteristics, but not produced by trees naturally likes majority of other sap. It forms within a very small percentage of trees coming from Aquilaria family, which is called thymelaeceae. This tress species grows mainly in rainforest and temperate regions and are found in Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Papua New Guinea and Vietnam etc. These tress grow rapidly even in poor soil conditions, as long as they get sufficient amount of water.

The hard fact is that these trees are not valued for their lumber, but they are looked as anomalous substances of agarwood which forms as a result of genetic mutation of infection. You cannot tell about the yield of the tress until you cut it and split it open. They are a renewable resource, however over harvesting has results in its extinction from several parts of the world.

Agarwood is also used in incense sticks as well as medicinal smoke. This tree has got a religious touch also, as agarwood oil or Oudh is used in holy places of Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism and Shintoism etc as incense or temple offerings. This is the reason why agarwood is many a times referred to as "wood of god". Nowadays, even soaps and cosmetics have incorporated the distinctive aroma of agarwood.

Oudh or agarwood oil has been treasured and loved for thousands of years by romantics and mystic alike. It is also proclaimed as an aid to meditation. Since this tree species is facing an extinction threat, majority of the agarwood in the market is now obtained through poaching. To prevent it from extinction, many farmers have now started replanting these trees throughout the region. Everyone is being encouraged to plant the saplings of these trees.

Practicing sustainable as well as organic harvesting methods, the extractions and plantations centers are providing means of livelihood for honest families and also ensuring that these beautiful trees remain around for many years to come.

Agarwood oil is costly, not only because it is rare but also it is of extremely high quality. All the work in making this oil is done by hand, with sincere dedication and respect for the trees and the land. Unlike earlier days, steam distillation method is not used now for its distillation. Instead CO2 extraction method is now being used as it is more environment-friendly.

Making Tons of Money by Planting The Most Expensive Tree

Have you ever heard about the most expensive tree in the world? If you don't, have you ever had the term "agarwood" or "sandalwood"? If you still don't, try google it or do some search engine reasearch. And try to find out the price of "agarwood" or "sandalwood" in your locall store, or if you can not do so, or it is not available in your area, just look for it in search engines on the internet.

The price of "gaharu" (the quality resins from the tree) was more than $1000 per kilograms when I'm typing this article. And the seeds "gaharu trees" are now available in some countries in Asia.

I do have a simple suggestion to you, wether you are farmers or not. If you have some spare lands, and you really want to become a future millionaire, you can plant those trees in your spare lands. Becouse, nowadays, people in Indonesia have come up with some techniques that can be used to make more than 10 kilograms gaharu in a single tree. And the price of gaharu will never go down.

Just do the math, if you can make 10 holes within a single tree to produce gaharus after 10 years, that means 10 x $1000 = $10000 for each tree. That is, if the price is still $1000 per kilograms after ten years from now. The news is, trees are becoming rare, so the price will surely go up. And imagine if you have more than 10 trees, or even more than 100 trees, what will happen?

I'm not making this up. Do your own research on the internet.

The news is, gaharu is a tree that can grow in any weather condition, except for the icy and desert climates.